Por su lado, Woody Allen no hizo sino recabar pruebas y argumentos para canonizarlo definitivamente, al convertirlo en modelo de conducta a seguir y ángel de la guarda sentimental del protagonista de Play it again, Sam (primero pieza teatral -estrenada en el Broadhurst Theatre de Broadway el 12 de febrero de 1969- y después película -Sueños de seductor, 1972, Herbert Ross-), un crítico de cine, tímido, inseguro, acomplejado y maniático, refugiado en sus films favoritos para superar la separación de su esposa y finalmente aconsejado en sus relaciones con las mujeres por el espectro de su idolatrado Bogart/Rick Blaine. Pero el culto a la personalidad no iba a quedarse en la simple recreación de posturas, diálogos y situaciones. Un individuo que se somete a una operación de cirugía estética para adquirir los rasgos de Bogie y después ejercer como investigador privado, de nombre (Sam Marlow), métodos y verbo familiares para el buen aficionado, era el caso de una obsesión llevada al límite presentado por la menos lograda artísticamente pero igualmente curiosa A lo loco y con la cara del otro (1980, Robert Day), irónico homenaje al cine de gangsters, donde la presencia del veterano George Raft –en su última actuación ante las cámaras- no resulta nada gratuita. Antiguo y señero mito del género, sobre el cual, encima, continuamente sobrevolaron sospechas de una estrecha vinculación con el hampa, su negativa, por superstición, a morir en El último refugio (1941, Raoul Walsh) -rehusada también por Paul Muni- y a trabajar bajo las órdenes de un director debutante en El halcón maltés (1941, John Huston) proporcionaría dos oportunidades de oro a Bogart para, con cuarenta y un años cumplidos y una más esforzada que llamativa trayectoria tanto en la pantalla grande (en segundos papeles o protagonistas en películas de escasa entidad rechazados por las grandes figuras) como en el teatro (debutó en Broadway en 1922), equipararse a astros como Muni, Edward G. Robinson, James Cagney o el propio Raft, a quienes habitualmente secundaba y con los que formaba la famosa "fila de los asesinos de la Warner". Aun así, su pelea con el estudio reclamando mejores roles continuó siendo una constante.
Pero para conocer cuáles son el origen y la razón reales de la mitomanía que envuelve al artista nacido en Nueva York el 25 de diciembre de 1899 y fallecido en Los Ángeles el 14 de enero de 1957, ganador de un Oscar como mejor actor principal (La Reina de África, 1951, John Huston) y nominado en otras dos ocasiones (Casablanca, 1942, Michael Curtiz; El motín del Caine, 1954, Edward Dmytryk), nada mejor que zambullirse en las hemerotecas. En la del reputado semanario de información general Triunfo (1962-1982), pongamos por caso. En su ejemplar del 23 de mayo de 1970 (costaba 15 pesetas, el equivalente a 0,09 euros), la publicación referencia del antifranquismo incluía el artículo ''Humphrey Bogart-Tarzán de los monos'' (los dos héroes estaban en el candelero catódico español del momento por uno de los ciclos antes citados y por una serie protagonizada por Ron Ely sobre la creación de Edgar Rice Burroughs, respectivamente), en el que, camuflado bajo el seudónimo de Juan Aldebarán, el propio subdirector de la revista, Eduardo Haro Tecglen, descodificaba las claves del porqué-cuándo-y-dónde de la cuestión, no sin previamente advertir a los no iniciados que "el mito Bogart –Bogey, se dice para estar 'in'- es para el consumo de los intelectualizados, de los que 'saben' ".
El porqué. Identificación del actor con el personaje y del espectador con el actor. "Quizá ese comportamiento de actor-espectador, de estar fuera y dentro, quizá esa lejanía, esa frialdad, esa distancia de hombre que llega de fuera (En 'Passage to Marseille' le preguntan su nacionalidad, y responde: 'Esquimal'), esa forma precursora de vivir, que luego sería la del 'Extranjero' (sic) de Camus, conecte de alguna forma con la juventud de hoy, la juventud fronteriza de dentro y fuera (del sistema, de la política, de la sociedad), de un cierto sector que se considera en perpetuo exilio interior".
..........
"La mezcla hombre-personaje es coherente. Los directores, los guionistas, los creadores de 'gags', los escritores de diálogos, adaptaban sus creaciones a la imagen fílmica de Bogart, de forma que cada personaje heredaba algo de los anteriores, hasta fabricar el arquetipo continuo; Bogart, en su vida real, tenía inevitablemente dentro el personaje y vivía con sus afinidades posibles y sus contradicciones inevitables".
..........
"La mezcla hombre-personaje es coherente. Los directores, los guionistas, los creadores de 'gags', los escritores de diálogos, adaptaban sus creaciones a la imagen fílmica de Bogart, de forma que cada personaje heredaba algo de los anteriores, hasta fabricar el arquetipo continuo; Bogart, en su vida real, tenía inevitablemente dentro el personaje y vivía con sus afinidades posibles y sus contradicciones inevitables".
Cuándo y dónde. "... cuando el público melenudo y displicente del minoritario Brattle Theater (cerca de Harvard) repuso 'Beat the devil', y allí pasó algo. El empresario notó que había una cierta corriente. En 1957 programó 'Casablanca', y la receptividad de su público fue tremenda. Tanta, que el mito Bogart reverdeció desde entonces. Apareció lo que se ha llamado 'Bogart mystique'. No se ha detenido más. Lo levantaron poco después, en Europa, Belmondo y Godard (1960), y luego su imagen fue entronizada en los 'posters'. El viejo Bogart era un hombre de nuestro tiempo".
Surgido de una idea inicial de 1871 de The Cambridge Social Union, una de las muchas agrupaciones civiles constituidas al acabar la guerra de Secesión con el fin de dinamizar la vida cultural, el Brattle –un caserón de estilo colonial con techo abuhardillado, situado en el número 40 de Brattle Street, cerca de Harvard Square, en Cambridge, Massachusetts- abrió sus puertas en enero de 1890 como biblioteca y sala de lectura. Más adelante acogería actos literarios y espectáculos musicales y dramáticos, llegando a disponer en algún tramo de su historia de grupo teatral propio. Consecuencia de la Gran Depresión del 29, la necesidad de generar ingresos implicó que durante un tiempo el local hiciera las veces de templo para las Iglesias luterana y de la Ciencia Cristiana y de gimnasio del Departamento de Policía de la ciudad. Y en 1953 se convirtió en sala de cine de arte y ensayo. Es a mediados de esa década cuando los socios propietarios en aquel periodo, Bryant Haliday y Cyrus Harvey jr., tuvieron la idea de recuperar las un tanto olvidadas películas de Bogie coincidiendo con la época de exámenes finales en la vecina Universidad de Harvard. El éxito de la propuesta acabó convirtiéndola en tradición anual. Y al actor en fetiche cultural. Ese fue el inicio de todo, efectivamente. La pequeña y recoleta sala (250 butacas distribuidas entre platea y anfiteatro), de afamada especialización en clásicos, reposiciones e independientes, ha llegado hasta nuestros días manteniendo su fidelidad tanto a los postulados fundacionales como a la cita con la bogartmanía: cada 14 de febrero, San Valentín, Día de los Enamorados, Casablanca ocupa el lugar más destacado del programa de la jornada, con carácter de acontecimiento especial y ensalzada como la historia romántica más imperecedera del celuloide. Con permiso, naturalmente, de Breve encuentro (1945, David Lean), El hombre tranquilo (1952, John Ford), Tú y yo (1957, Leo McCarey), Los girasoles (1970, Vittorio de Sica), Tal como éramos (1973, Sydney Pollack) o Entre el amor y la muerte (1981, Ettore Scola), todas y cada una de ellas con méritos contrastados para optar a disputarle el título honorífico.
A pesar de –o quizá gracias a- haber sido edificada sobre contratiempos (fue un proyecto arrancado con desconfianza; los actores no serían los inicialmente previstos; el argumento se reescribió continuamente durante el rodaje; hasta el último instante se sopesaron varios finales posibles...), Casablanca, un melodrama de aventuras románticas de serie B en el fondo no tan diferente al resto de cine propagandístico producido por Hollywood en tiempos de guerra, es un film que ha logrado superar todas las pruebas del algodón del paso del tiempo, conservando intacta toda su capacidad de emocionar. Tal vez porque trata temas de ayer, de hoy y de siempre; quizá por el magnetismo de la pareja principal; probablemente por la perfecta ingeniería de un guion definitivo cuyo "ritmo interno y externo tiene el equilibrio de Las señoritas de Avignon (sic) de Picasso", en apasionada apreciación del mismo José Luis Garci que subió al escenario del Dorothy Chandler Pavilion a recoger el Oscar de Volver a empezar como mejor película extranjera de 1982 uniformado de Rick Blaine, smoking blanco y pajarita y pantalón negros.
Obviamente, Casablanca no era el mejor lugar para ir a tomar las aguas. Pero la reunión de una larga lista de intérpretes excelentes y de variada procedencia (estadounidenses, suecas, austrohúngaros, británicos, alemanes, canadienses, rusos, mexicanos, italianos, griegos...) contribuyó a otorgar a la obra maestra del artesano Michael Curtiz la atmósfera cosmopolita y de provisionalidad que -como nido de espías, conspiradores, refugiados y oportunistas de todo tipo- requería la ciudad norteafricana, bajo el control del Gobierno de Vichy durante la II Guerra Mundial, recreada en los estudios californianos propiedad de la familia Warner. Y si como aseguraba la publicidad de otra cinta no menos legendaria nunca hubo una mujer como Gilda, tampoco ha habido otra película como Casablanca, con semejante repertorio de admirables diálogos. Entre los cuales, paradójicamente, el celebérrimo y citadísimo "Tócala otra vez, Sam" nunca se dice.
Porque si hubo un factor sobre el cual se afirmó el éxito de Bogart ese fueron los diálogos. Sarcásticos, irónicos, burlones, mordaces, sardónicos, incisivos, cínicos, cáusticos, ácidos... Oportunamente aplicados sobre un oficial nazi, el sicario de un gangster, una extraviada jovencita heredera con propensión a sentarse sobre sus rodillas, una pérfida morena altamente interesada en esculturas fabricadas con el material con que se hacen los sueños, una puritana británica compañera de un accidentado viaje en barca por un río congoleño, o un antiguo amor que lo dejó tirado en el andén de una estación de ferrocarril parisina, producían el mismo efecto que un acto de sabotaje de la Resistencia, un puñetazo en el hígado, un estirón de orejas, una sentencia judicial con la descarga eléctrica ya incluida, la más irreverente de las blasfemias, o el más amargo testimonio de la corrosión del desamor. Si bien hablar con palabras (originales o prestadas) escritas por William Somerset Maugham, Lillian Hellman, Dashiell Hammett, William Faulkner, Ernest Hemingway, Raymond Chandler, Truman Capote, Billy Wilder o Joseph L. Mankiewicz, o las que a partir de Everybody comes to Rick's -de Murray Burnett y Joan Alison-, la obra génesis de Casablanca, trabajaron (a veces de manera improvisada en el mismísimo plató) Casey Robinson (la parte romántica), Howard Koch (política) y los gemelos Julius J. y Philip G. Epstein (estructura general) debe facilitar mucho las cosas, por supuesto...
"If I gave you any thought, I probably would''.
"I don't mind a parasite. I object to a cut-rate one".
"I don't buy or sell human beings".
"That’s so long ago, I don't remember".
"I never make plans that far ahead".
"When it comes to women, you're a true democrat".
"My health. I came to Casablanca for the waters".
"I stick my neck out for nobody".
"And got well paid for it on both ocasions".
"I'm a drunkard".
"It's not particularly my beloved Paris".
"Well, there are certain sections of New York, Major, that I wouldn’t advise you to try to invade".
"Not particularly. I understand the point of view of the hound, too".
"Sam, I thought I told you never to play…".
"We all try. You succeed".
"Not an easy day to forget. I remember every detail. The Germans wore gray, you wore blue".
"Sam, if it's December 1941 in Casablanca, what time is it in New York?".
"I bet they're asleep in New York. I'll bet they're asleep all over America".
"Of all the gin joints in all the towns in all the world, she walks into mine".
"Well, stop it. You know what I want to hear. You played it for her and you can play it for me. If she can stand it, I can. Play it!".
"Who are you really? And what were you before? What did you do and what did you think? Huh?".
"Here's looking at you, kid".
"In America they'd bring only a penny. I guess that's about all they're worth".
"Why I'm so lucky. Why I should find you waiting for me to come along".
"I'm on their blacklist already, their roll of honor".
"Henri wants us to finish this bottle and then three more. He says he'll water his garden with champagne before he'll let the Germans drink any of it".
"My German's a little rusty".
"Yeah. It's pretty bad timing. Where were you, say, ten years ago?".
"I know very little about you, just the fact that you had your teeth straightened".
"The train for Marseilles leaves at five o'clock. I'll pick you up at your hotel at four-thirty".
"All right. At a quarter to five. Say, why don't we get married in Marseilles?".
"Yes, I guess it is a little too far ahead. Well, let's see. What about the engineer? Why can't he marry us on the train? Well, why not? The captain on a ship can. It doesn't seem fair that… Hey, hey, what's wrong, kid?".
"Where is she? Have you seen her?".
"Oh. I saved my first drink to have with you. Here".
"Why did you have to come to Casablanca? There are other places".
"It's funny about your voice, how it hasn't changed. I can still hear it. 'Richard dear, I'll go with you any place. We'll get on a train together and never stop'".
"Hu! You understand how I fell. How long was it we had, honey?".
"Well, I did. Every one of them. Mostly I remember the last one. A wow finish. A guy standing on a station platform in the rain with a comical look on his face, because his insides had been kicked out".
"Well, go on, tell it. Maybe one will come to you as you go along".
"Yes, that's very pretty. I heard a story once. As a matter of fact, I've heard a lot of stories in my time. They went along with the sound of a tinny piano playing in the parlor downstairs, 'Mister, I met a man once when I was a kid', it'd always begin. Huh. I guess neither one of our stories was a very funny. Tell me, who was it you left me for? Was it Laszlo, or were there others in between? Or aren't you the kind that tells?".
"I never drink in the morning. And every time you send my shipment over, it's always just a little bit short".
"That's why I came over here to give them a chance to ransack my place".
"You're being cheated".
"I'm sorry I was in no condition to receive you when you called on me last night".
"Your story had me a little confused. Or maybe it was the bourbon".
"Why did you come back? To tell me why you ran out on me at the railway station?".
"Well, you can tell me now. I'm reasonably sober".
"Why not? After all, I got stuck with a railway ticket. I think I'm entitled to know".
"Did you run out on me because you couldn't take it? Because you knew what it would be like, hiding from the police, running away all the time?".
"Well, I'm not running away any more. I'm settled now, above a saloon, it's true, but… walk up a flight. I'll be expecting you".
"I'm saying it because it's true. Inside of us we both know you belong with Victor. You're part of his work, the thing that keeps him going. If that plane leaves the ground and you're not with him, you'll regret it. Maybe not today, maybe not tomorrow, but soon, and for the rest of your life".
"We'll always have Paris. We didn't have, we'd lost it, until you came to Casablanca. We got it back last night".
"And you never will. But I've got a job to do, too. Where I'm going you can't follow. What I've got to do you can't be any part of. Ilsa, I'm no good at being noble, but it doesn't take much to see that the problems of three little people don't amount to a hill of beans in this crazy world. Someday you'll understand that. Now, now…".
"Maybe, but it seemed like a good time to start".
"Louis, I thing this is the beginning of a beautiful friendship".
(fuente de los diálogos de Casablanca: guion de la película publicado en The Weekly Script)
"I'm a drunkard".
"It's not particularly my beloved Paris".
"Well, there are certain sections of New York, Major, that I wouldn’t advise you to try to invade".
"Not particularly. I understand the point of view of the hound, too".
"Sam, I thought I told you never to play…".
"We all try. You succeed".
"Not an easy day to forget. I remember every detail. The Germans wore gray, you wore blue".
"Sam, if it's December 1941 in Casablanca, what time is it in New York?".
"I bet they're asleep in New York. I'll bet they're asleep all over America".
"Of all the gin joints in all the towns in all the world, she walks into mine".
"Well, stop it. You know what I want to hear. You played it for her and you can play it for me. If she can stand it, I can. Play it!".
"Who are you really? And what were you before? What did you do and what did you think? Huh?".
"Here's looking at you, kid".
"In America they'd bring only a penny. I guess that's about all they're worth".
"Why I'm so lucky. Why I should find you waiting for me to come along".
"I'm on their blacklist already, their roll of honor".
"Henri wants us to finish this bottle and then three more. He says he'll water his garden with champagne before he'll let the Germans drink any of it".
"My German's a little rusty".
"Yeah. It's pretty bad timing. Where were you, say, ten years ago?".
"I know very little about you, just the fact that you had your teeth straightened".
"The train for Marseilles leaves at five o'clock. I'll pick you up at your hotel at four-thirty".
"All right. At a quarter to five. Say, why don't we get married in Marseilles?".
"Yes, I guess it is a little too far ahead. Well, let's see. What about the engineer? Why can't he marry us on the train? Well, why not? The captain on a ship can. It doesn't seem fair that… Hey, hey, what's wrong, kid?".
"Where is she? Have you seen her?".
"Oh. I saved my first drink to have with you. Here".
"Why did you have to come to Casablanca? There are other places".
"It's funny about your voice, how it hasn't changed. I can still hear it. 'Richard dear, I'll go with you any place. We'll get on a train together and never stop'".
"Hu! You understand how I fell. How long was it we had, honey?".
"Well, I did. Every one of them. Mostly I remember the last one. A wow finish. A guy standing on a station platform in the rain with a comical look on his face, because his insides had been kicked out".
"Well, go on, tell it. Maybe one will come to you as you go along".
"Yes, that's very pretty. I heard a story once. As a matter of fact, I've heard a lot of stories in my time. They went along with the sound of a tinny piano playing in the parlor downstairs, 'Mister, I met a man once when I was a kid', it'd always begin. Huh. I guess neither one of our stories was a very funny. Tell me, who was it you left me for? Was it Laszlo, or were there others in between? Or aren't you the kind that tells?".
"I never drink in the morning. And every time you send my shipment over, it's always just a little bit short".
"That's why I came over here to give them a chance to ransack my place".
"You're being cheated".
"I'm sorry I was in no condition to receive you when you called on me last night".
"Your story had me a little confused. Or maybe it was the bourbon".
"Why did you come back? To tell me why you ran out on me at the railway station?".
"Well, you can tell me now. I'm reasonably sober".
"Why not? After all, I got stuck with a railway ticket. I think I'm entitled to know".
"Did you run out on me because you couldn't take it? Because you knew what it would be like, hiding from the police, running away all the time?".
"Well, I'm not running away any more. I'm settled now, above a saloon, it's true, but… walk up a flight. I'll be expecting you".
"Louis, are you pro-Vichy or Free French?".
"Nobody ever loved me that much".
"Yes, well, everybody in Casablanca has problems. Yours may work out. You'll excuse me".
"I take that as a great compliment to Sam. I suppose he means to you Paris of, well, happier days".
"Well, the geography may be a little difficult to arrange".
"I'll have Sam play 'As time goes by'. I belive that's your favorite tune".
"Put it down as a gesture to love".
"I'm not interested in politics. The problems of the world are not in my department. I'm a saloon keeper".
"Yes. I found that a very expensive hobby, too. But then I never was much of a businessman".
"Nobody ever loved me that much".
"Yes, well, everybody in Casablanca has problems. Yours may work out. You'll excuse me".
"I take that as a great compliment to Sam. I suppose he means to you Paris of, well, happier days".
"Well, the geography may be a little difficult to arrange".
"I'll have Sam play 'As time goes by'. I belive that's your favorite tune".
"Put it down as a gesture to love".
"I'm not interested in politics. The problems of the world are not in my department. I'm a saloon keeper".
"Yes. I found that a very expensive hobby, too. But then I never was much of a businessman".
"I appreciate it, but I don't accept it".
"Maybe I won't have to. A bribe has worked before. In the meantime, everybody stays on salary".
"You use 'Richard' again? We're back in Paris".
"I’m not fighting for anything anymore, except myself. I'm the only cause I'm interested in".
"I wouldn't bring up Paris if I were you. It's poor salesmanship".
"I wouldn't believe you, no matter what you told me. You'd say anything now to get what you want".
"Maybe I won't have to. A bribe has worked before. In the meantime, everybody stays on salary".
"You use 'Richard' again? We're back in Paris".
"I’m not fighting for anything anymore, except myself. I'm the only cause I'm interested in".
"I wouldn't bring up Paris if I were you. It's poor salesmanship".
"I wouldn't believe you, no matter what you told me. You'd say anything now to get what you want".
"What of it? I'm going to die in Casablanca. It's a good spot for it".
"Go ahead and shoot. You'll be doing me a favor".
"Go ahead and shoot. You'll be doing me a favor".
"Why weren't you honest with me? Why did you keep your marriage a secret?".
"Huh. But it's still a story without an ending. What about now?".
"Huh. But it's still a story without an ending. What about now?".
"Don't you sometimes wonder if it's worth all this? I mean what you're fighting for?".
"You seem to know all about my destiny".
"Well, she isn't just any woman".
"Don't forget, you owe Rick's a hundred cartons of American cigarettes".
"Everything is quite all right. We'll tell him at the airport. The less time to think, the easier for all of us. Please trust me".
"Oh, save it. We've still lots of things to do".
"Because you're getting on that plane".
"Last night we said a great many things. You said I was to do the thinking for both of us. Well, I've done a lot of it since then and it all adds up to one thing. You're getting on that plane with Victor where you belong. You've got to listen to me. Do you have any idea what you'd have to look forward to if you stayed here? Nine chances out of ten we'd both wind up in a concentration camp. Isn't that true, Louis?".
"You seem to know all about my destiny".
"Well, she isn't just any woman".
"Don't forget, you owe Rick's a hundred cartons of American cigarettes".
"Everything is quite all right. We'll tell him at the airport. The less time to think, the easier for all of us. Please trust me".
"Oh, save it. We've still lots of things to do".
"Because you're getting on that plane".
"Last night we said a great many things. You said I was to do the thinking for both of us. Well, I've done a lot of it since then and it all adds up to one thing. You're getting on that plane with Victor where you belong. You've got to listen to me. Do you have any idea what you'd have to look forward to if you stayed here? Nine chances out of ten we'd both wind up in a concentration camp. Isn't that true, Louis?".
"I'm saying it because it's true. Inside of us we both know you belong with Victor. You're part of his work, the thing that keeps him going. If that plane leaves the ground and you're not with him, you'll regret it. Maybe not today, maybe not tomorrow, but soon, and for the rest of your life".
"We'll always have Paris. We didn't have, we'd lost it, until you came to Casablanca. We got it back last night".
"And you never will. But I've got a job to do, too. Where I'm going you can't follow. What I've got to do you can't be any part of. Ilsa, I'm no good at being noble, but it doesn't take much to see that the problems of three little people don't amount to a hill of beans in this crazy world. Someday you'll understand that. Now, now…".
"I'm going to anyway, because it may make a difference to you later on. You said you knew about Ilsa and me. But you didn't know she was at my place last night when you were. She came there for the letters of transit. Isn't that true, Ilsa? She tried everything to get them, and nothing worked. She did her best to convince me that she was still in love with me, but that was all over long ago. For your sake, she pretended it wasn't, and I let her pretend".
"Maybe, but it seemed like a good time to start".
"Louis, I thing this is the beginning of a beautiful friendship".
(fuente de los diálogos de Casablanca: guion de la película publicado en The Weekly Script)